Alexander Miles, of Toledo, Ohio, registered a Patent in 1871 for a "hair cleansing compound" (Patent #121,536). It was prepared by combining 1 pound of pulverized french castile soap, 1 ounce of borax, 3 quarts and 8 gills of rain water, 1/2 pound of salts of tartar, and 1 ounce of oil of bergamot.